Europe saw investment edge up 4% in the first six months to $33.5bn, and Brazil was up 36% at $3.7bn, but all the other regions slipped.

In the US, investment fell by 5% at $23.1bn; Asia-Pacific slumped 47% to $12.1bn, dragged down by China's 34% drop to $33.7bn; the Middle East and Africa fell 46% to $4.2bn; and the Americas (excluding the US and Brazil) were down 63% to $2.3bn.

"It