State independent systems operator California ISO (Caiso) forecasts up to 10GW of floating wind power feeding into the grid by 2040, requiring some $8.1bn in transmission upgrades, according to its draft 20 Year Transmission Outlook. The $8.1bn to be spent on offshore wind transmission upgrades would be part of an overall $30.5bn transmission investment to integrate 120.8GW renewable energy and storage needed for the state to reach 100% clean energy generation.