Closed-loop pumped storage hydro 'smallest emitter' among rival technolgies: study

National Renewable Energy Laboratory paper argues technology has lowest global warming potential versus shorter and long-term storage options

A pumped storage hydro facility in Ludington, Michigan.
A pumped storage hydro facility in Ludington, Michigan.Foto: Department of Energy, courtesy of Consumers Energy
Published 23 August 2023, 18:11Updated 24 August 2023, 04:50