The GCC nations — which includes all of the Arab states of the Persian Gulf, except for Iraq — could save 11 trillion litres of water, as renewables such as PV can be less water-intensive than fossil fuels, while reducing their per capita carbon footprint by 8%, if they manage to stick to their national energy plans and targets.

“The GCC region has long been a global leader in energy production and can further strengthen this role through the development of its vast renewable energy resources,” Irena director-general Adnan Amin said in an emailed statement.