In China’s northern, windiest provinces, up to a quarter of the wind power generated does not reach the grid, as network operators prioritise other forms of power – usually coal – during periods of surplus generation.

The phenomenon of grid operators stopping wind farms from feeding power to the electricity network became much worse last year, with more than 20 billion kWh of wind power wasted, double the level in 2011, China Wind Energy Association secretary-general Qin Haiyan told an industry meeting in January.

Longyuan, the country's largest wind developer, lost 1.4bn