Due to Germany's proportional representation voting system, in all three states previous coalitions lost their outright majority and will face complicated negotiations to form governments involving former political and ideological adversaries.

Although energy issues in the state elections only played a minor role, the stellar standing of the Greens in Baden-Württemberg is good news for the renewables sector across Germany, and for the importance of green energies to EnBW, a major utility owned by the state.